Sluggish

As an Adjective

1. Moving, acting, or reacting more slowly than usual.
2. Lacking energy, enthusiasm, or alertness.
3. Not functioning at a normal or expected speed (e.g., a sluggish economy).

Word History

The word sluggish comes from the Middle English slugge, meaning “slow or lazy.” It is related to the word slug, which describes a slow-moving creature. Over time, the term expanded beyond physical slowness to describe low energy, inactivity, or a lack of progress.

Examples

1. He felt sluggish after a heavy meal.
2. The economy has been sluggish this year.
3. Her sluggish response made it clear she wasn’t paying attention.
4. The car’s engine was sluggish in the cold weather.

Synonyms

Slow, lethargic, inactive, unresponsive, dull

Related Words

Lazy, tired, fatigued, weak, stagnant

Antonyms

Energetic, lively, active, alert, fast